Gwadar is a district along the sea in south of the Makran. The coastline of Gwadar District is about 600 Kilometers long. Gwadar was notified as a District in July, 1977 with its headquarter at Gwadar Town. Previously it used to be a part of Makran District.
Gwadar district is located from 25`-01` to 25`-45` North latitudes and from 61`-37` to 65`-15` east longitudes. It is bounded on the North by Kech and Awaran District. On the East by Lasbela District, on the south by the Arabia Sea and on the West by Iran. Total area of the district is 12,637 square kilometers. The district comprises of Gwadar and Pasni Sub-divisions:
Physical Features / Topography
The coastline of Gwadar District extends in an east-west direction and it is almost entirely desert.
The elevation of Makran coast range is upto about 1000 meters above the sea level.
In Gwadar District, soil is of two types: alluvial soil and lithosols and rigosols. The valley of Dasht river in the western part of the district and the Kulanch valley in the north consist of alluvial soil. The mountainous area of the district is covered with lithosols and rigosols. Limestone, shale and sandstone are the main rocks involved in the formation of this area.
Rivers and Streams
The important rivers and streams in the district include Shadi Kaur, Swar and Dasth river with its tributaries Nilag and Daddeh.
Climate
The climate of Gwadar, elevated at 0-300 meters above sea level, is drying arid hot. It is placed in “warm summer and mild winter” temperature region. The oceanic influence keeps the temperature lower than that in the interior in summer and higher in winter. The uniformity of temperature is a unique characteristic of the coastal region in Balochistan.
Communications
Gwadar district is connected with other parts of the country by air and road. The total length of roads within the district is 983 kilometers.The most attractive Coastal highway along the coast with total length of 650 kilometers approximately, connects Gwadar with Pasni, Ormara, District Lasbela and Karachi is almost complete.The project of 515 Kilometers long railway track has been approved by the Ministry of Railway Government of Pakistan to connect Gwadar with already existing rail network.Pakistan International Airlines is playing an important role as a means of communication through air. There are 2 focker flights flying almost every day from Karachi to Gwadar and Gwadar to Karachi.It is also proposed to extend the size of runway so that the bigger planes can land Gwadar till the new International Airport as provided in the Gwadar Master Plan is constructed.Gwadar district does not have access to gas pipeline supply, however, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is available in cylinders.
